Ac\u0131badem Adana Hastanesi G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs Hastal\u0131klar\u0131 Uzman\u0131 Doktor Gamze U\u00e7ar, alerjene kar\u015f\u0131 reaksiyon verebilmek i\u00e7in bireyin \u00f6nceden o alerjenle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131p ona duyarl\u0131 hale gelmesi gerekti\u011fini ve \u00fclke, k\u0131ta veya iklim ge\u00e7i\u015flerinde alerjenlerin yo\u011funlu\u011fu, \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi ve yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
Dr. Gamze U\u00e7ar, alerjiye yatk\u0131n bir bireyin savunma sistemi, bir alerjenle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ona kar\u015f\u0131 IgE antikoru \u00fcreterek onu haf\u0131zas\u0131na ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek, \u201cB\u00f6ylece alerjenle tekrar kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda onu tan\u0131yarak h\u0131zla reaksiyon veriyor. Polen alerjisi olan bir ki\u015finin daha \u00f6nce polenle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131p buna duyarl\u0131 hale gelmi\u015f olmas\u0131 gibi. Polen gibi alerjenler v\u00fccuda girdikten sonra daha \u00f6nceki temas sonras\u0131 kendine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00fcretilmi\u015f IgE\u2019lere giderek onlara ba\u011flan\u0131yor. Sonras\u0131nda da ba\u015fta histamin olmak \u00fczere alerjik iltihaba neden olan baz\u0131 maddeler kanda salg\u0131lan\u0131yor. Bunun ard\u0131ndan d\u00fcz kaslarda kas\u0131lma, damarlarda geni\u015fleme, damar ge\u00e7irgenli\u011finde art\u0131\u015f ve \u00f6deme ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak hap\u015f\u0131r\u0131k, burun ak\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131, burun, bo\u011faz, damak, kulak ka\u015f\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131, g\u00f6zlerde sulanma, ka\u015f\u0131nma, cilt d\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc gibi yak\u0131nmalar ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Bu alerjik yak\u0131nmalar alerjik olunan maddeyle her kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tekrar ediyor\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
Daha iyi ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131nda daha \u00e7ok ast\u0131m ve alerji g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor<\/p>\n
Ast\u0131m ve alerjinin modernle\u015fme ile ilgili oldu\u011funu kaydeden Dr. Gamze U\u00e7ar, 1700\u2019lerde Londra\u2019da alerjik nezlenin \u00e7ok ender bir hastal\u0131k oldu\u011funu, sadece \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131ftan ki\u015filerde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc bu ki\u015filerde alerjik nezle olmas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni olarak da halk\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tozlu ortamlara al\u0131\u015f\u0131k olmamalar\u0131 g\u00f6sterildi\u011fini ifade etti.<\/p>\n
20. y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca yap\u0131lan ve son y\u0131llarda yo\u011funla\u015fan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n, hijyen ko\u015fullar\u0131 iyile\u015ftik\u00e7e alerji oranlar\u0131n\u0131n daha da artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koydu\u011funu belirten U\u00e7ar, \u201cYa\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fu yerlerde g\u00f6r\u00fclen alerji ve ast\u0131m oranlar\u0131 g\u00f6rece zengin ve daha iyi ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131na sahip olan yerlere g\u00f6re daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck. T\u0131pta bu fenomen \u201chijyen hipotezi\u201d olarak biliniyor. Ancak bu durum her yerde ayn\u0131 de\u011fil. Afrika ve Almanya mukayese edildi\u011finde aradaki s\u0131kl\u0131k fark\u0131 \u201chijyen hipotezi\u201d ile a\u00e7\u0131klanabilirken, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bu durumun ge\u00e7erli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve k\u0131rsal kesimdeki ast\u0131m rakamlar\u0131n\u0131n daha y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
\u0130klim de\u011fi\u015ftik\u00e7e alerjenin yap\u0131s\u0131 da de\u011fi\u015fiyor<\/p>\n
\u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri ile birlikte, alerjen yo\u011funlu\u011fu, \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi ve yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fti\u011finin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izen U\u00e7ar, \u201c\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar, polen say\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0131s\u0131 ve CO2 seviyesi art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile paralel olarak art\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. Kirleticiler, \u00e7\u00f6l tozlar\u0131, \u0131s\u0131 ve nem art\u0131\u015f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak atmosferdeki bakteri ve mantar spor yo\u011funlu\u011fu de\u011fi\u015firken, \u00e7\u00f6l tozlar\u0131 havada bulunan mikroorganizmalar i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir kaynak olu\u015fturuyor. \u00d6zellikle kum f\u0131rt\u0131nalar\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemlerde, havadaki bakteri yo\u011funlu\u011fu ve \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi artarak mikroorganizmalar kum bulutlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde uzak mesafelere kolayl\u0131kla ta\u015f\u0131nabiliyor\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
Ailenin genetik yap\u0131s\u0131 ve sa\u011fl\u0131k ge\u00e7mi\u015fi de \u00f6nemli<\/p>\n
G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs Hastal\u0131klar\u0131 Uzman\u0131 Dr. Gamze U\u00e7ar, alerjinin genetik olarak aileden gelen ve kendinden sonraki ku\u015fa\u011fa aktar\u0131lan bir durum oldu\u011funu ifade ederek, \u015funlar\u0131 kaydetti:<\/p>\n
\u201c\u0130nsanlar\u0131n neredeyse yar\u0131ya yak\u0131n\u0131 etrafta bulunan ve herkesin temas etti\u011fi ama farkl\u0131 yan\u0131t verdi\u011fi polen, k\u00fcfler, tozlar, hayvanlar, g\u0131da ve ila\u00e7lar gibi genellikle organik baz\u0131 etkenlere kar\u015f\u0131 reaksiyon veriyor. Evrimsel olarak kazan\u0131lan bu durum bazen bir avantaj olsa da, bazen de hayati bir risk oldu\u011fundan mutlaka ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken bir durum olarak de\u011ferlendiriliyor.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0130KL\u0130M DE\u011e\u0130\u015eT\u0130K\u00c7E ALERJENLER\u0130N YAPISININ DA DE\u011e\u0130\u015eT\u0130\u011e\u0130 BEL\u0130RT\u0130LD\u0130.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":154167,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[1],"tags":[21901,4552,24135,9219,35262,24962],"class_list":["post-154166","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel","tag-alerji","tag-artiyor","tag-astim","tag-hijyen","tag-iyilestikce","tag-kosullari"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.tvturk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/hijyen-kosullari-iyilestikce-astim-ve-alerji-artiyor_173d08e.jpg?fit=1000%2C667","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paKIfm-E6y","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/154166","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=154166"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/154166\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/154167"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=154166"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=154166"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=154166"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}