\u0130nsans\u0131z Hava Arac\u0131 (\u0130HA) olarak an\u0131lan Drone teknolojisi giderek geli\u015fiyor ve kullan\u0131m\u0131 g\u00fcn ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e yayg\u0131nla\u015f\u0131yor. Sivil Havac\u0131l\u0131k Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (SHGM) verilerine g\u00f6re, 2018 y\u0131l sonu itibar\u0131yla \u0130HA kullan\u0131c\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131 35 bin 366\u2019ya, \u0130HA say\u0131s\u0131 ise 27 bin 439\u2019a ula\u015ft\u0131. Ya\u015far \u00dcniversitesi Hukuk Fak\u00fcltesi Dr. \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Sami Aksoy, izinsiz veya kay\u0131ts\u0131z, tescil olmadan drone u\u00e7urman\u0131n cezas\u0131n\u0131n olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7ekerek uyar\u0131larda bulundu. Aksoy, \u201cG\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde dronelerin maliyeti \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olsa da ba\u015fta \u00f6zel hayat\u0131n gizlili\u011fine dikkat edilmeli, ayr\u0131ca 5 y\u0131l\u0131 bulabilen hapis ve 14 bin 705 liray\u0131 bulan y\u00fcksek para cezalar\u0131ndan korunmak i\u00e7in tedbirli davran\u0131lmal\u0131\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
Medyadan kargo ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na, sa\u011fl\u0131ktan askeri ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131ma kadar hayat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n hemen her alan\u0131nda h\u0131zla yer almaya ba\u015flayan dronelar, daha \u00e7ok hobi ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131lsa da kullan\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u00e7in belli kurallara uymak ve izinleri almak gerekiyor. \u00dclkemizde de a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131na g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lan droneleri kaydetmeden, u\u00e7u\u015f izni almadan u\u00e7urman\u0131n cezas\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck. Ta\u015f\u0131ma hukuku alan\u0131ndaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla bilinen Ya\u015far \u00dcniversitesi Hukuk Fak\u00fcltesi Dr. \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Sami Aksoy, say\u0131s\u0131 her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn artan dronelerle ilgili \u00fclkemizdeki yasal d\u00fczenlemeler ile ilgili bilgi verdi.<\/p>\n
3 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde kay\u0131t zorunlu<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrk Sivil Havac\u0131l\u0131k Kanununun 144. maddesinin \u0130HA\u2019lara ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ancak esas h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin \u0130HA Sistemleri Talimat\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde oldu\u011funu belirten Aksoy, \u201c\u00d6ncelikle azami kalk\u0131\u015f a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 500 gramdan hafif ara\u00e7lar hem talimat\u0131n kapsam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r hem de bu ara\u00e7lar i\u00e7in tescil s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir. Talimata g\u00f6re 500 gram-4 kilo kalk\u0131\u015f a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki insans\u0131z hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131 \u0130HAO, 4 kilo-25 kilo \u0130HA1, 25 kilo-150 kilo aras\u0131ndakiler ise \u0130HA2 olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumda. \u0130HA0 ve \u0130HA1 kategorisindeki hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n SHGM taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturulan elektronik sisteme kayd\u0131 gerekiyor. Kay\u0131t zorunlulu\u011fu hem ithal eden sat\u0131c\u0131lar hem de hava arac\u0131n\u0131 bireysel olarak sat\u0131n alanlar i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli. Ayr\u0131ca bireysel olarak yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan getirilen veya yurt i\u00e7inde devir al\u0131nan 500 gram \u00fczerindeki arac\u0131n 3 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde sisteme kaydettirilmemesi halinde 7 bin 353 TL para cezas\u0131 kesilece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a h\u00fckme ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f durumda\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
\u201c\u0130HA2 pilot lisans\u0131 d\u00fczenlenmesi \u015fart\u201d<\/p>\n
Hukukumuzda \u0130HA0 ile \u0130HA1 u\u00e7uracak ki\u015filer i\u00e7in SHGM taraf\u0131ndan herhangi bir lisans d\u00fczenlenmedi\u011fini ifade eden Aksoy, \u015fu bilgileri payla\u015ft\u0131:<\/p>\n
“Ancak s\u00f6z konusu ki\u015filer, olu\u015fturulan internet tabanl\u0131 kay\u0131t sistemine kay\u0131t olmak zorunda. \u0130HA0 s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 pilotlar en az 12 ya\u015f\u0131nda ve \u0130HA1 s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 pilotlar en az 15 ya\u015f\u0131nda olmal\u0131. \u0130HA2 ve \u0130HA3 s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131ndaki ara\u00e7lar\u0131n ise SHGM taraf\u0131ndan hava arac\u0131 siciline kay\u0131t edilerek tescil i\u015fareti almas\u0131 gerekiyor. Hatta bu s\u0131n\u0131ftaki ara\u00e7lar i\u00e7in sorumluluk sigortas\u0131 yapt\u0131rma zorunlulu\u011fu da mevcut. Daha hafif ara\u00e7lardan farkl\u0131 olarak, \u0130HA2 s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131ndaki arac\u0131 kullanacak pilot i\u00e7in Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck taraf\u0131ndan 3 y\u0131l s\u00fcreli \u0130HA2 pilot lisans\u0131 d\u00fczenlenmesi \u015fartt\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n
Y\u00fcksek cezalarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilirsiniz<\/p>\n
A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, hangi ama\u00e7lar kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 fark etmeksizin insans\u0131z hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131na dair cezalar\u0131n az\u0131msanmayacak derecede y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funu belirten Dr. Sami Aksoy, \u201c\u00d6rne\u011fin, 2019 y\u0131l\u0131 rakamlar\u0131na g\u00f6re, insans\u0131z hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ile izinsiz veya kay\u0131ts\u0131z u\u00e7u\u015f ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesinin cezas\u0131 8 bin 498 TL\u2019dir. Bu nedenle \u00f6zellikle \u0130HA0 sat\u0131n alacaklar\u0131n buna dikkat etmesi gerekiyor. \u0130dari para cezalar\u0131na dair Y\u00f6netmelikte, \u00f6zel hayat\u0131n gizlili\u011finin ihlal edilmesinin cezas\u0131 ise 2 bin 124TL olarak belirlenmi\u015f. Ancak bu rakam\u0131n idari para cezas\u0131 oldu\u011fu hat\u0131rlat\u0131lmal\u0131. Nitekim ma\u011fdurlar\u0131n mahkemeler huzurunda tazminat talep hakk\u0131 bundan hari\u00e7. Ayr\u0131ca, T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanununun 134. maddesinde de ki\u015filerin \u00f6zel hayat\u0131n\u0131n gizlili\u011fini ihlal eden kimsenin, 1 y\u0131ldan 3 y\u0131la kadar hapis cezas\u0131 ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131, gizlili\u011fin g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc veya seslerin kayda al\u0131nmas\u0131 suretiyle ihlal edilmesi halinde verilecek ceza bir kat art\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 ifade edilmi\u015f\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
Para cezas\u0131 14 bin TL\u2019yi ge\u00e7iyor<\/p>\n
Dronelar ile havalimanlar\u0131 yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda u\u00e7u\u015f yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da hat\u0131rlatan Sami Aksoy, \u201cBu hususta irtifaya ba\u011fl\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n havalimanlar\u0131nda en yak\u0131nda bulunan pistin kenar\u0131ndan 9 kilometre mesafeden daha yak\u0131n sahada u\u00e7u\u015fun yasak oldu\u011fu, aksi takdirde hangi s\u0131n\u0131fta olursa olsun drone kullanan ki\u015finin a\u011f\u0131r para cezas\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilece\u011fi unutulmamal\u0131. Zira T\u00fcrk Sivil Havac\u0131l\u0131k Kanununun 144. maddesinde, Ula\u015ft\u0131rma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya m\u00fclki idare amirlerince belirlenen alanlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda insans\u0131z hava arac\u0131 u\u00e7uran ki\u015filere 14 bin 705 T\u00fcrk Liras\u0131\u2019na kadar idari para cezas\u0131 uygulanabilece\u011fi ifade edilmi\u015f\u201d ifadelerini kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n
Hapis cezas\u0131<\/p>\n
2565 Say\u0131l\u0131 Askeri Yasak B\u00f6lgeler ve G\u00fcvenlik B\u00f6lgeleri Kanununu da hat\u0131rlatan Aksoy, \u201cKanunun 25. maddesinde, birinci derece kara ve deniz askeri yasak b\u00f6lgelerinde \u00e7ekim yapanlar ile b\u00f6lgenin savunma ve g\u00fcvenlik tedbirlerini aksatacak, bozacak ve a\u00e7\u0131klayacak cihazlar kullananlara 6 aydan 5 y\u0131la kadar hapis ile 5 bin liradan 50 bin liraya kadar a\u011f\u0131r para cezas\u0131 verilece\u011fi h\u00fckme ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f\u201d diyerek al\u0131nabilecek hapis cezalar\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlatt\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u201c500 gram alt\u0131ndaki drone kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 da tedbirli olmal\u0131\u201d<\/p>\n
Dronelerin 500 gram alt\u0131nda olmas\u0131n\u0131n kullananlar\u0131 birtak\u0131m prosed\u00fcrlerden kurtard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten Sami Aksoy, \u201cYoksa arac\u0131n 500 gram alt\u0131nda olmas\u0131 ne \u00f6zel hayat\u0131n gizlili\u011fini ihlal ne de askeri tesis ya da havaliman\u0131 gibi yasak b\u00f6lgelerde u\u00e7u\u015f veya \u00e7ekim yapmak f\u0131rsat\u0131 sunar. 500 gram alt\u0131nda olsa bile t\u00fcm drone u\u00e7uranlar\u0131n yasalardaki sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rerek ba\u015ftan tedbirli davranmalar\u0131 kendi yararlar\u0131na olacakt\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde dronelerin maliyeti \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olsa da ba\u015fta \u00f6zel hayat\u0131n gizlili\u011fine dikkat edilmeli, ayr\u0131ca hapis ve y\u00fcksek para cezalar\u0131ndan korunmak i\u00e7in tedbirli davran\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r\u201d \u015feklinde konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
MEDYADAN KARGO TA\u015eIMACILI\u011eINA, SA\u011eLIKTAN ASKER\u0130 AMA\u00c7LI KULLANIMA KADAR HAYATIMIZIN HEMEN HER ALANINDA HIZLA YER ALMAYA BA\u015eLAYAN DRONELAR, DAHA \u00c7OK HOB\u0130 AMA\u00c7LI KULLANILSA DA KULLANIMLARI \u0130\u00c7\u0130N BELL\u0130 KURALLARA UYMAK VE \u0130Z\u0130NLER\u0130 ALMAK GEREK\u0130YOR.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":159416,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[1205,1114,3412,16387,28839,231],"class_list":["post-159415","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel","tag-cezasi","tag-drone","tag-hapis","tag-izinsiz","tag-kullanmaya","tag-yil"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.tvturk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/izinsiz-drone-kullanmaya-5-yil-hapis-cezasi_8cce2e2.jpg?fit=1000%2C641","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paKIfm-Ftd","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/159415","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=159415"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/159415\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/159416"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=159415"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=159415"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=159415"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}