Uzmanlara g\u00f6re, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fcndeki d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 azaltman\u0131n yolu temiz enerjiden ge\u00e7iyor. Prof. Dr. Yunus \u00c7engel, \u201cDo\u011fru bir \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lan jeotermal enerji, \u00e7evreye ve halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na zarar vermeyen en temiz ve g\u00fcvenilir enerji t\u00fcrlerinden biri. Kulaktan dolma edinilen ve do\u011frulu\u011fu ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmayan bilgiler yaln\u0131zca \u00fclkemize zarar verir. Bu nedenle jeotermal enerji hakk\u0131nda do\u011fru bilgi edinmek \u00f6nemli\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
Jeotermal enerji denince T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ilk akla gelen otoritelerden biri olarak g\u00f6sterilen, bu alanda d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara imza atm\u0131\u015f isimlerden biri olan Nevada \u00dcniversitesi Makine M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Prof. Dr. Yunus \u00c7engel, jeotermal enerjiye ili\u015fkin olu\u015fan alg\u0131 karma\u015fas\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda bulundu.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnyada enerji jeopoliti\u011finde dengelerin yeniden kuruldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen Prof. Dr. Yunus \u00c7engel, \u201cYenilenebilir – temiz enerji olarak tan\u0131mlanan r\u00fczgar, g\u00fcne\u015f ve jeotermal enerji kaynaklar\u0131na sahip \u00fclkelerin enerji \u00fcretiminde \u201cfosil yak\u0131t ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131\u201d her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn azal\u0131yor. Uzmanlara g\u00f6re, T\u00fcrkiye, zengin yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131 ile deyi\u015f yerindeyse \u201calt\u0131n bir f\u0131rsat\u201d yakalam\u0131\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n
R\u00fczgar, g\u00fcne\u015f ve jeotermal enerji kaynaklar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir potansiyele sahip olan \u00fclkemiz, bu \u00fc\u00e7 temiz enerji kayna\u011f\u0131na h\u0131zl\u0131ca yat\u0131r\u0131m yaparak, enerjideki d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 azaltmay\u0131 hedefliyor\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
\u201cEge B\u00f6lgesi\u2019ndeki potansiyel verimli kullan\u0131lmal\u0131\u201d<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u00f6zellikle jeotermal kaynaklar\u0131n y\u00fczde 78\u2019inin bulundu\u011fu Ege B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nde potansiyelin verimli kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izen Prof. Dr. \u00c7engel, fosil yak\u0131tlardan enerji \u00fcretiminin, soludu\u011fumuz havadan, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine kadar pek \u00e7ok olumsuz fakt\u00f6re yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131na vurgu yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n
Prof. Dr. Yunus \u00c7engel\u2019in jeotermal enerjiye ili\u015fkin \u015fu a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 yapt\u0131:<\/p>\n
\u201cD\u00fcnyan\u0131n enerji ihtiyac\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekte k\u00f6m\u00fcr, petrol ve do\u011falgazdan olu\u015fan, bitince yerine yenisi gelmeyecek olan ve kullan\u0131ld\u0131k\u00e7a \u00e7evre kirlili\u011fini art\u0131ran fosil yak\u0131tlar\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131yor. Uluslararas\u0131 Enerji Ajans\u0131\u2019na (IEA) g\u00f6re, 2017\u2019de d\u00fcnyada toplam elektrik \u00fcretiminin y\u00fczde 56\u2019s\u0131 (y\u00fczde 27 k\u00f6m\u00fcr + y\u00fczde 2 petrol + y\u00fczde 27 do\u011falgaz) fosil yak\u0131tlardan \u00fcretildi.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye zengin yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131na ra\u011fmen enerji ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 75\u2019ini d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan kar\u015f\u0131layan ve enerjide b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apta d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 olan bir \u00fclke. Ekonomisindeki b\u00fcy\u00fcme ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla enerji kullan\u0131m\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015f y\u00fcz\u00fcnden bu ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k git gide art\u0131yor. Ne yaz\u0131k ki T\u00fcrkiye ithal etti\u011fi enerji i\u00e7in 2016, 2017 ve 2018 y\u0131llar\u0131nda d\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelere s\u0131ras\u0131yla 27, 37 ve 43 milyar dolar \u00f6dedi. Jeotermal enerji, elektrik \u00fcretimine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 katk\u0131 ile bu miktar\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 oluyor. 2018 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fclkemizdeki jeotermal g\u00fc\u00e7 santralleri 7,6 milyar kilovatsaat elektrik \u00fcreterek toplam elektrik t\u00fcketimimizin y\u00fczde 2,5 ini kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131. Bu miktar, \u00fclkemizde 2,5 milyon konutun y\u0131ll\u0131k elektrik t\u00fcketimine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelmektedir.<\/p>\n
Jeotermal de\u011fil yanl\u0131\u015f bilgi zarar veriyor<\/p>\n
\u00dclkemizde bolca bulunan jeotermal kaynak, gerekli hassasiyet g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi ve en iyi uygulamalar \u00f6rnek al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde d\u00fcnyada en \u00e7evre dostu enerji t\u00fcrlerinden biri olarak biliniyor. Yerli ve yenilenebilir bir enerji olan jeotermal enerji, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00fcretilen birim elektrik enerjisi ba\u015f\u0131na \u00e7evreye ve sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa en az zarar veren enerji t\u00fcrleri aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. Ancak jeotermal enerji ile ilgili de \u00e7ok say\u0131da do\u011fru bilinen yanl\u0131\u015f bulunuyor. Kulaktan dolma ve kim taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretildi\u011fi bilinmeyen bilgilere kesinlikle itibar etmemek gerekiyor. Bu yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in bilimsel makaleleri referans almak \u015fart.<\/p>\n
Yer alt\u0131ndaki g\u00fcne\u015f: Jeotermal<\/p>\n
\u00c7evreci yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131ndan jeotermal enerji hem \u00fclkemizde \u00e7ok fazla bulunmas\u0131 hem de kolay \u00fcretilen bir kaynak olmas\u0131 nedeniyle enerjide d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 azaltmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 oluyor. \u201cYer alt\u0131ndaki g\u00fcne\u015f\u201d olarak da bilinen jeotermal enerji \u00fclkemiz i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck ve bulunmaz bir nimet, bu kayna\u011f\u0131 verimli ve etkin de\u011ferlendirmek gerekiyor.<\/p>\n
\u00d6zellikle Ayd\u0131n B\u00f6lgesi\u2019ndeki jeotermal rezervlerinin, incir ve zeytin gibi do\u011fal bir zenginlik olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi gerekiyor. Kamuoyundaki bilgi kirlili\u011finin aksine, resmi veriler jeotermal enerjinin incir ve zeytin \u00fczerinde olumsuz bir etkisinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyuyor. Ayd\u0131n Ticaret Borsas\u0131 2017 raporunda belirtildi\u011fi gibi, 2010\u2019da 255 bin ton (a\u011fa\u00e7 ba\u015f\u0131na 27 kg) olan incir \u00fcretimi 2017\u2019de 306 bin ton oldu (a\u011fa\u00e7 ba\u015f\u0131na 31 kg). Kuru incir \u00fcretimi de ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde 59 bin ton\u2019dan 78 bin tona \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. 2013\u2019de 252 milyon dolar olan incir ihracat\u0131 da 2017\u2019de 299 milyon dolara y\u00fckseldi. Serac\u0131l\u0131k gibi jeotermal enerjinin sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 destek uygulamalar b\u00f6lgedeki tar\u0131m\u0131 da e\u015f zamanl\u0131 geli\u015ftirmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 oluyor.<\/p>\n
Ayd\u0131n\u2019daki bu yanl\u0131\u015f anla\u015f\u0131lmalar\u0131n giderilmesi ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de temiz enerjinin \u00f6n\u00fcndeki engellerin kalkmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kamu, akademi ve sivil toplum liderleri ile sekt\u00f6r temsilcileri i\u00e7in bir araya gelmeli. B\u00f6lgede ya\u015fanan kavgalar bir kenara b\u0131rak\u0131larak Ayd\u0131n halk\u0131na ve \u015fehrin gelece\u011fi i\u00e7in jeotermal enerjiden en y\u00fcksek fayda sa\u011flanmal\u0131. Jeotermal enerjiye de\u011fil, yanl\u0131\u015f uygulamalara kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lmal\u0131.<\/p>\n
Temiz enerji de\u011fil yanl\u0131\u015f uygulama sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 etkiler<\/p>\n
Jeotermal enerjinin insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olumsuz etkiledi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi yanl\u0131\u015f bilgilerin ba\u015f\u0131nda geliyor. Jeotermal enerjinin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olumsuz etkileyen hi\u00e7bir etkisi bulunmuyor ve insan hayat\u0131n\u0131 tehdit etmiyor. Buna ra\u011fmen zaman zaman jeotermal enerjinin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 etkiledi\u011fi savunulup jeotermale kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan bir yakla\u015f\u0131m g\u00f6zleniyor.<\/p>\n
\u00d6rne\u011fin ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 2018 y\u0131l\u0131nda trafik kazalar\u0131nda 6 bin 675 ki\u015fi hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015f, 307 bin ki\u015fi de yaralanm\u0131\u015f. Bu hazin tabloya bak\u0131p da hi\u00e7 kimse ara\u00e7lar\u0131n yasaklanmas\u0131n\u0131 istemiyor. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Jeotermal enerjiye de kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmak yerine yanl\u0131\u015f yap\u0131lan bir uygulama varsa tespit edilmeli ve giderilmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7aba g\u00f6sterilmeli. \u00c7evre konusunda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en hassas ve bilin\u00e7li yeri olan ABD\u2019nin Kaliforniya eyaleti dahil, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n hi\u00e7bir yerinde jeotermal enerjiye kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131yor. Aksine, jeotermal enerji do\u011fal zenginlik olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Jeotermal enerji hakk\u0131nda ak\u0131l ve bilimi rehber edinip benzer yap\u0131c\u0131 bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla, varsa yap\u0131lan yanl\u0131\u015f uygulamalara, suistimallere, ihmal ve ihlallere odaklan\u0131p bunlar\u0131n d\u00fczeltilmesi i\u00e7in yerel y\u00f6netimler ile e\u015fg\u00fcd\u00fcml\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak gerekiyor.<\/p>\n
Jeotermal enerji hakk\u0131nda uzla\u015fmac\u0131 bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla ortak bir zemin olu\u015fturup birlik olmak, ancak bilimsel veriler \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bilimin birle\u015ftirici g\u00fcc\u00fc ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilir. Bu da Ayd\u0131n\u2019da hava, su, toprak ve tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde d\u00fczenli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmler yaparak ve bilimsel verilere dayanarak halk\u0131n bilgilendirilmesi ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Ayn\u0131 zamanda sorunlara cevap bulmak i\u00e7in gerekli Ar-Ge\u2019nin yap\u0131lmas\u0131, yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n da kamuoyu ile \u015feffaf bir \u015fekilde payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 Ayd\u0131n\u2019daki jeotermal sorunu i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli.<\/p>\n
Jeotermal enerji kansere neden olmaz<\/p>\n
Jeotermal ile ilgili s\u0131kl\u0131kla dile getirilen iddialardan biri de jeotermal enerji \u00fcretimi s\u0131ras\u0131nda b\u00f6lgedeki kanser vakalar\u0131n\u0131n artt\u0131\u011f\u0131. Ancak bu iddialar\u0131 destekleyecek hi\u00e7bir veri bulunmuyor. Jeotermal gaz at\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n kanserojen bir etkisi yoktur. Do\u011fru uygulamalarda t\u00fcm jeotermal su, kanun gere\u011fi tekrar yer alt\u0131na reenjekte edildi\u011fi i\u00e7in jeotermal sular d\u00fcnyan\u0131n hi\u00e7bir yerinde insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na bir tehdit olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmez. Modern jeotermal santrallerde y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 dalg\u0131\u00e7 pompalar kullan\u0131larak \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan su g\u00fcn y\u00fcz\u00fc g\u00f6rmeden yer alt\u0131na geri bas\u0131l\u0131r. Bu nedenle de hi\u00e7bir olumsuz etki ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lmaz.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
UZMANLARA G\u00d6RE, T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019N\u0130N ENERJ\u0130 SEKT\u00d6R\u00dcNDEK\u0130 DI\u015eA BA\u011eIMLILI\u011eINI AZALTMANIN YOLU TEM\u0130Z ENERJ\u0130DEN GE\u00c7\u0130YOR. PROF. DR. YUNUS \u00c7ENGEL, \u201cDO\u011eRU B\u0130R \u015eEK\u0130LDE KULLANILAN JEOTERMAL ENERJ\u0130, \u00c7EVREYE VE HALK SA\u011eLI\u011eINA ZARAR VERMEYEN EN TEM\u0130Z VE G\u00dcVEN\u0130L\u0130R ENERJ\u0130 T\u00dcRLER\u0130NDEN B\u0130R\u0130. KULAKTAN DOLMA ED\u0130N\u0130LEN VE DO\u011eRULU\u011eU ARA\u015eTIRILMAYAN B\u0130LG\u0130LER YALNIZCA \u00dcLKEM\u0130ZE ZARAR VER\u0130R. BU NEDENLE JEOTERMAL ENERJ\u0130 HAKKINDA DO\u011eRU B\u0130LG\u0130 ED\u0130NMEK \u00d6NEML\u0130\u201d DED\u0130.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":194275,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[19],"tags":[3957,47759,279,3467,4746,1387,44,13269,2750,4504],"class_list":["post-194274","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ekonomi","tag-temiz","tag-cengel","tag-dr","tag-edilmeli","tag-ekonomik","tag-enerji","tag-icin","tag-jeotermal","tag-prof","tag-tercih"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.tvturk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/prof-dr-cengel-temiz-ve-ekonomik-enerji-icin-jeotermal-tercih-edilmeli_49d808e.jpg?fit=630%2C300","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paKIfm-Oxs","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/194274","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=194274"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/194274\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/194275"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=194274"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=194274"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=194274"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}