E\u011fitimci-Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 Yazar Abdurrahman Zeynal, Erzurum\u2019un tarihinde \u00f6nemli bir yere sahip olan Aziziye Tabyalar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n, d\u00fcnyada d\u00fczenli ordulara kar\u015f\u0131 kad\u0131nlar\u0131n sava\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 tek yer oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
E\u011fitimci-Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 Yazar Abdurrahman Zeynal beraberindekilerle birlikte, Aziziye Tabyalar\u0131\u2019nda bulunan Nene Hatun\u2019un mezar\u0131n\u0131 ziyaret etti. Ziyaret sonras\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klama yapan Zeynal, Aziziye Tabyalar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Erzurum\u2019un koruyucular\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirtti.<\/p>\n
\u201cAnadolu\u2019da Erzurum\u2019u m\u00fcdafaa edemeyen, d\u00fcnyada ve tarihte hi\u00e7bir devlet Anadolu\u2019yu m\u00fcdafaa edememi\u015ftir\u201d<\/p>\n
Aziziye Tabyalar\u0131\u2019n yap\u0131lmas\u0131ndaki amac\u0131n Anadolu\u2019yu savunmak oldu\u011funu ifade eden Yazar Abdurrahman Zeynal, \u201c1828-1829 Osmanl\u0131-Rus harbinde Ruslar Erzurum\u2019u birinci defa i\u015fgal ediyorlar. Erzurum\u2019un n\u00fcfusu 130 binden o tarihte 15 binlere kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. 115 bin insan Erzurum\u2019dan muhacir olarak Anadolu\u2019nun di\u011fer illerine gidiyor. Sonra Osmanl\u0131 Devleti, Erzurum\u2019u ge\u00e7ece\u011fi tahminini yaparak bulundu\u011fumuz bu alanda ve m\u00fccavir alanlarda 23 adet tabya yap\u0131yor. \u015eimdi bu tabyalar\u0131n amac\u0131 muhtemel bir Rus taarruzuna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k \u015fehri savunmak, Anadolu\u2019yu savunmakt\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Anadolu\u2019da Erzurum bir kilit kap\u0131d\u0131r. Kilit yerde Anadolu\u2019da Erzurum\u2019u m\u00fcdafaa edemeyen d\u00fcnyada ve tarihte hi\u00e7bir Devlet Anadolu\u2019yu m\u00fcdafaa edememi\u015ftir. Osmanl\u0131 bunun \u015fuurundad\u0131r yani fark\u0131ndad\u0131r. Erzurum ahalisinin de destekleri ile \u015fu an bulundu\u011fumuz yerde Aziziye ve Mecidiye tabyalar\u0131n\u0131 in\u015fa ediyor. 1877-1878 Osmanl\u0131 Rus harbinin cereyan etti\u011fi ve sonu\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131 nokta olarak \u015fu an burada bulunuyoruz. 1877 y\u0131l\u0131nda yani tarihteki 93 Harbi olarak bilinen Kars y\u00f6resinde sald\u0131r\u0131larda 5 meydan muharebesi oluyor. Bunlar\u0131n 4\u2019\u00fcn\u00fc Osmanl\u0131 Ordusu kazan\u0131yor, be\u015finciyi Ruslar kazan\u0131nca Osmanl\u0131 Ordusu 15 Ekim\u2019den 4 Kas\u0131m\u2019a do\u011fru \u00e7ekilerek bulundu\u011fumuz yerlere geliyorlar. \u015eehir sava\u015fa haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Zaten \u015fehirde kad\u0131nlar, k\u0131zlar, nineler ve gelinler kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yani ihtiyarlar kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc eli silah tutan t\u00fcm erkekler cephededir. 8 Kas\u0131m\u2019\u0131 9 Kas\u0131m\u2019a ba\u011flayan gece, bir k\u0131s\u0131m Ermenilerinde yard\u0131m\u0131 ile Ruslar, Aziziye \u00fc\u00e7 tabyas\u0131na girerler. Gece Mehmet\u00e7ik uykudad\u0131r. Ge\u00e7i\u015f sebepleri de parolay\u0131 bilmeleri, patika yollar\u0131 bilmelerinden kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7ta 1300 veya 1600 Mehmet\u00e7ik Aziziye \u00fc\u00e7 tabyas\u0131 denilen yerde uykudayken \u015fehit edilirler. Oradan Aziziye iki tabyas\u0131na do\u011fru gelirken \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ba\u015flar. Burada bulundu\u011fumuz Yarbay Bahri Bey bulunmaktad\u0131r. Yarbay Bahri Bey uykudan askeri kald\u0131r\u0131r ve Ruslara kar\u015f\u0131 gece taarruzu ba\u015flar. Gece sava\u015f\u0131 olurken buradan \u015fehre haber g\u00f6nderilir. Haberi ilk duyan Ayaz Pa\u015fa m\u00fcezzini Abdullah Efendidir. Abdullah Efendi ezan\u0131 davudi sesiyle okur, sonra Allah\u2019\u0131n\u0131 seven, namusunu seven, dinini seven, vatan\u0131n\u0131 seven, Mehmet\u2019in askerin imdad\u0131na ko\u015fun diye nida eder. O g\u00fcn Erzurumlu kad\u0131n\u0131 ile k\u0131z\u0131yla, \u00e7ocu\u011fu ile buraya ko\u015farak gelirler, bu geli\u015fte yal\u0131n ayak, ba\u015f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k, \u00f6\u011flene kadar burada Ruslarla b\u00fcy\u00fck bir m\u00fccadele meydana gelir. \u00d6\u011flen \u00fczeri Ruslar y\u00fczlerce \u00f6l\u00fc vererek tabyalardan \u00e7ekilmek zorunda kal\u0131rlar. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Aziziye Destan\u0131 veya Aziziye Zaferi olarak tarihe ge\u00e7en olay burada ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f olur\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
\u201cD\u00fcnyada d\u00fczenli ordulara kar\u015f\u0131 kad\u0131nlar\u0131n sava\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 tek yer Aziziye Tabyalar\u0131\u2019d\u0131r\u201d<\/p>\n
Aziziye Tabyalar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Anadolu i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir yere sahip oldu\u011funu kaydeden Yazar Zeynal, \u201cBuran\u0131n \u00f6nemi \u015fu, e\u011fer o g\u00fcn Osmanl\u0131 Erzurum\u2019da kaybetmi\u015f olsayd\u0131 \u0130skenderun K\u00f6rfezine kadar hi\u00e7bir askeri birli\u011fimiz yoktu. Ruslar o g\u00fcn s\u0131cak denizlere inecekti. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla s\u0131cak denizlere Ruslar\u0131n hayalinin g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc nokta Aziziye Tabyalar\u0131\u2019d\u0131r. Bu anlam\u0131 ile tarihi \u00f6nemi fazlad\u0131r. Buran\u0131n bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemi ise bu sava\u015fta kad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00f6n saflarda olmas\u0131d\u0131r. D\u00fcnyada d\u00fczenli ordulara kar\u015f\u0131 kad\u0131nlar\u0131n sava\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 hi\u00e7bir yer yoktur. Yaln\u0131zca Aziziye Tabyalar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kahraman\u0131 kad\u0131n olan \u015fehir yaln\u0131zca Erzurum\u2019dur diyebiliriz. Bu tarihte de b\u00f6yledir. Nene Hatun\u2019u biliyorsunuz 1955 y\u0131l\u0131nda vefat etti\u011fi zaman 3. Ordunun karar\u0131yla ve o y\u0131l, y\u0131l\u0131n annesi olarak se\u00e7ilmesi hesab\u0131yla ordu buraya t\u00f6renle getiriyor. T\u00f6renle defin i\u015flemleri yap\u0131l\u0131yor. O g\u00fcnden beri an\u0131t mezar vard\u0131. \u015eimdi yeni bir an\u0131t mezar yap\u0131l\u0131yor. \u00dcmit ediyorum ki eskisinden \u00e7ok daha g\u00f6rkemli, \u00e7ok daha tarihe veya \u015fan\u0131na lay\u0131k bir mezar yap\u0131lacak \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki g\u00fcnlerde. Buda ister istemez mutlu etmektedir\u201d a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131nda bulundu.<\/p>\n
Aziziye Tabyalar\u0131 Tarih\u00e7esi<\/p>\n
Erzurum-Kars karayolunun ge\u00e7ti\u011fi Hamamderesi\u2019ni kontrol alt\u0131nda tutmak i\u00e7in 1867-1872 y\u0131llan aras\u0131nda Sultan Abd\u00fclaziz taraf\u0131ndan Karskap\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kuzeyinde bulunan Topda\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcney ucunda, 2068 metre y\u00fckseklikte konumland\u0131r\u0131lan 1 Numaral\u0131 Aziziye Tabyas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ancak \u00e7ok az bir k\u0131sm\u0131 sa\u011flam olarak ula\u015fabilmi\u015ftir. G\u00fcneyden kuzeye yan yana \u00fc\u00e7 tane olan Aziziye Tabyalar\u0131 \u201cC\u201d \u015feklinde bir planla konumland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. 1877 – 1878 Osmanl\u0131 – Rus Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda (93 Harbi) kahramanca \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalara sahne olmu\u015ftur. Deveboynu\u2019nda d\u00fc\u015fmana yenilen Osmanl\u0131 Kuvvetleri geri \u00e7ekilmeye ba\u015flay\u0131nca Rus Ordusu, Erzurum\u2019u ku\u015fatma haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131. \u015eehrin \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z teslim edilmesi \u00f6nerisi kabul edilmeyen Ruslar, Topda\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan Aziziye Tabyalar\u0131\u2019na do\u011fru yo\u011fun top\u00e7u at\u0131\u015f\u0131yla sald\u0131r\u0131ya ge\u00e7ti. Sald\u0131r\u0131 neticesinde 2 ve 3 numaral\u0131 Aziziye tabyalar\u0131 Ruslar\u0131n eline ge\u00e7ti.1 Nolu Aziziye Tabyas\u0131 Komutan\u0131 Yarbay Bahri Bey\u2019in \u00fcst\u00fcn cesareti ve askeri bilgisi sayesinde Ruslara teslim olmaz. Ruslar\u0131n tabyalar\u0131 i\u015fgal etti\u011fini \u00f6\u011frenen, Nene Hatun\u2019un da aras\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu Erzurum Halk\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 askerlerinin yard\u0131m\u0131na ko\u015ftu ve g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcse kanl\u0131 \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalardan sonra Rus Ordusu bozularak tabyalardan geri \u00e7ekilmek zorunda kald\u0131. 2 Nolu Aziziye Tabyas\u0131, Aziziye 1 ve Aziziye 3 Tabyas\u0131 ile birlikte 8 Kas\u0131m 1877 gecesinde yap\u0131lan Rus bask\u0131n\u0131nda sald\u0131r\u0131ya u\u011fram\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 2 No\u2019lu Aziziye tabyas\u0131 Ruslar taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgal edilen ilk tabya oldu\u011fu gibi kurtar\u0131lan ilk tabyada buras\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
E\u011e\u0130T\u0130MC\u0130-ARA\u015eTIRMACI YAZAR ABDURRAHMAN ZEYNAL BERABER\u0130NDEK\u0130LERLE B\u0130RL\u0130KTE, AZ\u0130Z\u0130YE TABYALARI\u2019NDA BULUNAN NENE HATUN\u2019UN MEZARINI Z\u0130YARET ETT\u0130<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":202903,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[6023,51172,22002,51168,2098,2541,51170,51171,51173,366,4243,51169],"class_list":["post-202902","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel","tag-dunyada","tag-aziziye","tag-duzenli","tag-egitimci-arastirmaci","tag-kadinlarin","tag-karsi","tag-ordulara","tag-savastigi","tag-tabyalaridir","tag-tek","tag-yer","tag-zeynal"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.tvturk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/egitimci-arastirmaci-zeynal-dunyada-duzenli-ordulara-karsi-kadinlarin-savastigi-tek-yer-aziziye-tabyalaridir_0680a69.jpg?fit=1000%2C666","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paKIfm-QMC","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/202902","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=202902"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/202902\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/202903"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=202902"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=202902"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=202902"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}