T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bulunan ge\u00e7ici koruma kapsam\u0131ndaki Suriyelilerin meselelerinin masaya yat\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 Mudanya Kitap Fuar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sonu\u00e7 bildirgesi a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131. Gazeteci, yazar, akademisyen ve siyaset\u00e7ilerin katk\u0131lar\u0131yla haz\u0131rlanan raporda, kalanlar i\u00e7in \u201cger\u00e7ek\u00e7i toplumsal uyum ve koruma\u201d, \u00fclkelerine d\u00f6nmek isteyen Suriyeliler i\u00e7inse \u201cger\u00e7ek\u00e7i bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f politikas\u0131\u201d teklif edildi.<\/p>\n
Mudanya Belediyesi ve Yay\u0131nc\u0131lar Kooperatifi i\u015f birli\u011fiyle \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin D\u0131\u015f Politikas\u0131 ve M\u00fcltecilik – Gelenler, Gidenler ve Kalanlar\u201d ad\u0131yla d\u00fczenlenen 1. Mudanya Kitap Fuar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sonu\u00e7 bildirgesi a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131. Gazeteci, yazar, akademisyen ve d\u0131\u015f politikada tecr\u00fcbeli siyaset\u00e7ilerin \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bulunan ge\u00e7ici koruma kapsam\u0131ndaki Suriyelilerin meselelerinin ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 fuar\u0131n ard\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan sonu\u00e7lar, rapor h\u00e2line getirildi. Raporda, Eyl\u00fcl 2019 rakamlar\u0131na g\u00f6re, ge\u00e7ici bar\u0131nma merkezlerinde kalan Suriyeli say\u0131s\u0131 63 bin 434 ki\u015fiyken, kentlerin b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde ya\u015fanan sosyal de\u011fi\u015fimin yerel y\u00f6netimlerin \u00f6ncelikli konular\u0131 aras\u0131na girdi\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekildi. Hukuk\u00ee stat\u00fc, kay\u0131t alt\u0131na alma ve demografi; toplumsal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel uyum, istihdam, sosyal g\u00fcvenlik, e\u011fitim, sa\u011fl\u0131k, bar\u0131nma, kad\u0131n ve \u00e7ocuk konular\u0131na yer verildi.<\/p>\n
Mudanya Belediye Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Hayri T\u00fcrky\u0131lmaz, \u201cRakamlar yorumland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de istihdam, e\u011fitim, sa\u011fl\u0131k, g\u00fcvenlik ve \u2018birlikte ya\u015fama\u2019 k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc gerek Suriyeli misafirlerimiz gerekse de hem\u015fehrilerimiz a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir\u00e7ok \u015fehirde s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 yuma\u011f\u0131 h\u00e2line gelmi\u015ftir. \u00dclkemizin bu b\u00fcy\u00fck sorununa yerelden sundu\u011fumuz katk\u0131ya destek veren isimlere sonsuz te\u015fekk\u00fcrlerimizi sunuyor, \u00fclkemize ve insanl\u0131\u011fa faydal\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 diliyoruz\u201d ifadelerini kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n
Raporda \u015fu ifadelere yer verildi:<\/p>\n
“T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de misafir edilen Suriyelilerle ilgili her \u015feyden \u00f6nce bir \u201ctan\u0131m\u201d sorunu ya\u015fan\u0131yor. Buna g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye, 1951 tarihli Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler M\u00fcltecilerin Hukuk\u00ee Stat\u00fcs\u00fcne \u0130li\u015fkin Cenevre S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019ne 1961 tarihinde taraf olmu\u015f, s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin kapsam\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fleten 1967 tarihli New York Protokol\u00fc\u2019ne de 1968 y\u0131l\u0131nda kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, ancak T\u00fcrkiye s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye taraf olurken, co\u011frafi s\u0131n\u0131rlama \u015ferhi koymu\u015f ve bu s\u0131n\u0131rlamay\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye g\u00f6re co\u011frafi k\u0131s\u0131tlama olmas\u0131, Avrupa Konseyi \u00fcye \u00fclkeleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan gelip T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye s\u0131\u011f\u0131nanlara m\u00fclteci stat\u00fcs\u00fc tan\u0131nmayaca\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. Bundan hareketle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin do\u011fusu ve g\u00fcneyinden gelenlerin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u201cm\u00fclteci\u201d stat\u00fcs\u00fc bulunmuyor. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Avrupa d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan gelenlere m\u00fcltecilik hakk\u0131 verilmezken, \u201cs\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131\u201d terimi ise hukuk sisteminde yer alm\u0131yor. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu bilgiler neticesinde devlet kaynakl\u0131 \u015fiddet ya da i\u00e7 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma sebebiyle s\u00f6z konusu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00fclkelerden ka\u00e7arak \u00fclkemize gelen ki\u015filere, 6458 say\u0131l\u0131 Yabanc\u0131lar ve Uluslararas\u0131 Koruma Kanunu\u2019nun 91. maddesi uyar\u0131nca \u201cGe\u00e7ici Koruma\u201d sa\u011flanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
N\u00fcfusun y\u00fczde 6\u2019s\u0131 suriyeli<\/p>\n
G\u00fcncel verilerin T\u00fcrkiye n\u00fcfusuna oranlanmas\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda ise 82 milyonluk n\u00fcfusun y\u00fczde 6\u2019s\u0131 Suriyeli 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda Suriye\u2019de ba\u015flayan sava\u015f ve insani krizin sonucu olarak milyonlarca insan yerinden edilmi\u015f, a\u00e7\u0131k kap\u0131, temel ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 ve geri g\u00f6ndermeme esaslar\u0131na dayanan bir politika uygulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu politikalar sonucunda T\u00fcrkiye d\u00fcnyadaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131 n\u00fcfusuna ev sahipli\u011fi yapmaktad\u0131r. Nisan 2011\u2019de Suriye\u2019de i\u00e7 sava\u015f\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde \u00fclkenin n\u00fcfusu 22 milyondu. Suriye\u2019de i\u00e7 sava\u015f 13 milyon insan\u0131 yerinden etmi\u015f, yerlerinden edilen Suriyelilerin 6 milyonu yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131na ka\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 2019 y\u0131l\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131 itibar\u0131yla resmi rakamlara g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u201cGe\u00e7ici Koruma\u201d kapsam\u0131ndaki Suriyeli say\u0131s\u0131 ise yakla\u015f\u0131k 3 milyon 666 bindir. Ancak sahada \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan sivil toplum kurulu\u015flar\u0131 uzmanlar\u0131 ve akademisyenler, \u00fclkemizde kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131nmam\u0131\u015f 4 ile 5 milyon aras\u0131nda Suriyelinin oldu\u011funu belirtiyor.<\/p>\n
\u00dclkemizde kendilerine baz\u0131 temel haklar tan\u0131nan Suriyeliler, buna ra\u011fmen zor \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir. Bunlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda ge\u00e7im, bar\u0131nma, sa\u011fl\u0131k ve e\u011fitim gelmektedir Kas\u0131m 2018\u2019deki en son rakama g\u00f6re son 8 y\u0131lda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de do\u011fan Suriyeli say\u0131s\u0131 405 bin 521, 1 A\u011fustos 2019 tarihi itibariyle T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti vatanda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 alan Suriyeli say\u0131s\u0131 92 bin 280, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Suriyelilerin ya\u015f ortalamas\u0131 22,5, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki gen\u00e7 n\u00fcfus oran\u0131 ise 31,7. \u0130\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fcne kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Suriyeliler ucuz i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de gen\u00e7 i\u015fsizlik y\u00fczde 25\u2019i bulmu\u015fken, resmi olmayan rakamlar T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki mevcut i\u015fsizli\u011fin neredeyse y\u00fczde 20\u2019ye yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Ge\u00e7ici koruma stat\u00fcs\u00fcndeki Suriyelilerin 2 milyon 184 bini \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u015f\u0131 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma izni verilen Suriyeli say\u0131s\u0131 ise yakla\u015f\u0131k 31 bin. 1 milyonun \u00fczerinde Suriyeli ise kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 istihdam ediliyor. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de zorunlu e\u011fitim \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda 1 milyondan fazla Suriyeli \u00e7ocuk bulunuyor. Her 3 \u00e7ocuktan 1\u2019i e\u011fitim sisteminin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kal\u0131yor. Bunun \u00f6nemli bir sebebi de dil engeli… T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ya\u015fayan Suriyeli k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 ve kad\u0131nlar bir\u00e7ok hak ihlaline ve suiistimale m\u00e2ruz kal\u0131yor. 2016\u2019da 525 \u00e7ocuk cinsel istismara u\u011frarken, 2017\u2019de 288 \u00e7ocuk, 2018\u2019de bin 698 \u00e7ocuk cinsel istismar kurban\u0131 \u00fclkemizde ya\u015fayan s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 illerimizin n\u00fcfus yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve yerel hizmet kapasitelerini \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli oranda etkilemi\u015ftir. Suriyeliler, artan g\u00f6\u00e7 hareketleriyle birlikte, belediyeler ve \u015fehir halk\u0131 ile daha yak\u0131ndan temas etmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Sistem d\u0131\u015f\u0131na itilen Suriyeliler kendi mahallelerini olu\u015fturup, savunmalar\u0131n\u0131 kendileri sa\u011flayacak bir duruma geliyorlar. \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm yollar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda ise d\u0131\u015f politikada ba\u015fta kom\u015fumuz Suriye olmak \u00fczere, b\u00f6lgemizde bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n ve huzurun kal\u0131c\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde sa\u011flanmas\u0131 geliyor”.<\/p>\n
Raporda yer alan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerileri ise \u015f\u00f6yle:<\/p>\n
“T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bulunan b\u00fct\u00fcn Suriyeliler \u00f6ncelikle kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131nmal\u0131. B\u00f6lgede huzur ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fin yeniden sa\u011flanabilmesi i\u00e7in bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 ve istikrarl\u0131 Suriye politikas\u0131 izlenebilmesi, bunun i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin, Suriye\u2019nin toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ve egemenli\u011fine sayg\u0131 duyarak, Suriye y\u00f6netimiyle temasa temasa ge\u00e7mesi gerekmektedir. \u00dclkelerine g\u00fcvenle d\u00f6nebilecekleri bar\u0131\u015f ve huzur ortam\u0131 tesis edilene kadar Suriyelilerin uluslararas\u0131 ve ulusal hukuk \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde sahip olduklar\u0131 temel haklar g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. Suriyelilerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n gelecekte geri d\u00f6nmeyece\u011fi, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kal\u0131c\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131na dair ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ve verilere ili\u015fkin kapsaml\u0131 bir de\u011ferlendirmeye ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r. Kalanlar i\u00e7in, kanun\u00ee temelli ve kal\u0131c\u0131 sistemler \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yap\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Kalanlar i\u00e7in birlikte hayata uyum \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 gerekmektedir. Bunun i\u00e7in psikolojik destek, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve sosyal uyum deste\u011fi ile yerel halk\u0131n s\u00fcrece etkin bir \u015fekilde kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Giderek t\u0131rmanan g\u00f6\u00e7 sorununun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcne ili\u015fkin olarak G\u00f6\u00e7 ve Uyum Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kurulmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Suriyeliler T\u00fcrkiye ekonomisi i\u00e7erisinde en a\u011f\u0131r \u015fekilde s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclmekte, Suriyelilerin istihdam\u0131 zaten sorunlu olan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131na yeni s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar eklemektedir. M\u00fcltecilerin kay\u0131t i\u00e7in ekonomiye \u00e7ekilmesi, bununla birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hayat\u0131n\u0131n denetime tabii tutulmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Suriyelilerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fam\u0131na kat\u0131lmalar\u0131na dair d\u00fczenlemeler \u2018haklar\u2019 zemininde ele al\u0131nmal\u0131, bu alandaki uluslararas\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmelere uyum sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dclkemizdeki Suriyelilerin e\u011fitime eri\u015fimi, e\u011fitime devam edebilmeleri uyumlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor. G\u00f6\u00e7menlerin g\u00f6\u00e7 ettikleri \u00fclkenin dilini \u00f6\u011frenmesi, niteliklerinin artmas\u0131, sosyal hayat\u0131n t\u00fcm alanlar\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerin arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmadan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z hareket edebilmelerini sa\u011flayacak bilgi ve beceriler kazanmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Suriyelilerin sa\u011fl\u0131k, e\u011fitim, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve bar\u0131nma haklar\u0131na dair demokratik kitle \u00f6rg\u00fctleriyle, sivil toplum kurulu\u015flar\u0131yla ortak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi gerekmektedir. Suriyelilerin kentlerde sa\u011fl\u0131k, e\u011fitim ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere kamu kurumlar\u0131na eri\u015fiminin sa\u011flanmas\u0131nda kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 rol \u00fcstlenilmesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u2018Birlikte ya\u015famaya\u2019 adapte edilmesi i\u00e7in yerel y\u00f6netimlerle i\u015fbirli\u011fi yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Suriyeli m\u00fcltecilerin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 en \u00f6nemli sosyal ve toplumsal sorunlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda nefret s\u00f6ylemleri ve lin\u00e7 giri\u015fimleri gelmektedir. Suriyelilere y\u00f6nelik ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k ve nefret s\u00f6ylemleri uzun vadede halk ile m\u00fclteciler aras\u0131nda \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n do\u011fmas\u0131na neden olabilmektedir. Bu t\u00fcr s\u00f6ylemleri topluma kolayca bula\u015ft\u0131ran mecra ise medya ve siyasettir. Medyan\u0131n ve siyas\u00ee akt\u00f6rlerin sevgi dilini kullanmas\u0131 bu a\u015famada olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir”.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019DE BULUNAN GE\u00c7\u0130C\u0130 KORUMA KAPSAMINDAK\u0130 SUR\u0130YEL\u0130LER\u0130N MESELELER\u0130N\u0130N MASAYA YATIRILDI\u011eI MUDANYA K\u0130TAP FUARI\u2019NIN SONU\u00c7 B\u0130LD\u0130RGES\u0130 A\u00c7IKLANDI.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":210940,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[420,44,53307,19737],"class_list":["post-210939","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel","tag-cozum","tag-icin","tag-mudanyadan","tag-suriyeliler"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.tvturk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/suriyeliler-icin-cozum-mudanyadan_3a3d6ab.jpg?fit=1000%2C666","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paKIfm-SSf","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/210939","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=210939"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/210939\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/210940"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=210939"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=210939"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=210939"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}