Uzman Klinik Psikolog Fundem Ece Kayka\u00e7, do\u011fum s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n psikolojileri ve ki\u015filikleri \u00fczerindeki etkileri konusunda \u00f6nemli a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda bulundu.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya Dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k Merkezi Kurucusu Uzman Klinik Psikolog Fundem Ece Kayka\u00e7, \u201cDo\u011fum s\u0131ras\u0131 ailedeki \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n do\u011fum tarihlerinin kronolojik s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder; b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7ocuk, ortanca \u00e7ocuk, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7ocuk gibi. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131n do\u011fduklar\u0131 zaman, mekan ve ko\u015fullar \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n hayattaki deneyimlerini etkiler bu y\u00fczden do\u011fum s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015filik \u00fczerinde \u00f6nemli etkileri vard\u0131r. Bir\u00e7ok ara\u015ft\u0131rmada g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr ki do\u011fum s\u0131ras\u0131 \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n ki\u015fili\u011fini dolay\u0131s\u0131yla da yeti\u015fkinlik halini etkilemi\u015ftir. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara g\u00f6re do\u011fum s\u0131ras\u0131 ayn\u0131 olan ki\u015filer birbirlerine daha yak\u0131n hissederler \u00f6rne\u011fin ailedeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7ocuk ba\u015fka bir ailedeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7ocukla \u00f6zde\u015fim kurabilir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc tamamen ayn\u0131 olmasa da benzer deneyimlere sahiptir\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
\u201cAileler her bir yeni do\u011fan \u00e7ocukta farkl\u0131 ebeveynlik yeteneklerini geli\u015ftirir ve ke\u015ffeder o y\u00fczden her \u00e7ocu\u011fa olan yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 farkl\u0131d\u0131r\u201d diyen Kayka\u00e7, \u201cBunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ailenin o anki dinami\u011fi, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, maddi durumu gibi etkenler de bu konuda \u00f6nemli bir rol oynar. Aileler her \u00e7ocu\u011fa ya\u015f\u0131ndan ve do\u011fum s\u0131ras\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 farkl\u0131 roller ve sorumluluklar y\u00fckler bu da onlar\u0131n \u00e7ocuklara kar\u015f\u0131 olan yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131na sebep olur. T\u00fcm bunlar \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n karakterini \u015fekillendirir\u201d ifadelerini kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n
Uzman Klinik Psikolog Kayka\u00e7, do\u011fum s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n psikolojileri ve ki\u015filikleri \u00fczerindeki etkileri konusunda \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi:<\/p>\n
\u201cDo\u011fum s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015filik \u00fczerindeki etkilerini ilk olarak Alfred Adler bireysel psikoloji kuram\u0131nda incelemi\u015ftir. Adler kuram\u0131nda do\u011fum s\u0131ras\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 anne babalar\u0131n her do\u011fan \u00e7ocu\u011fa farkl\u0131 anlamlar y\u00fckledi\u011fini ve \u00e7ocuklar aras\u0131ndaki karde\u015f k\u0131skan\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bahsetmi\u015ftir. Adler \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 do\u011fum s\u0131ras\u0131nda g\u00f6re 4 farkl\u0131 tipe ay\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; ilk do\u011fan \u00e7ocuk, ortanca \u00e7ocuk, en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7ocuk ve tek \u00e7ocuk. \u0130lk do\u011fan \u00e7ocuk yani ailenin en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7ocu\u011fu ebeveynlerinin en deneyimsiz halini tecr\u00fcbe eder ama ayn\u0131 zamanda da \u00e7ok fazla ilgi ve sevgi g\u00f6r\u00fcr, t\u00fcm ailenin odak noktas\u0131d\u0131r. Anne baban\u0131n ebeveynlikte deneyimsizli\u011fi \u00e7ocu\u011fun baz\u0131 \u015feyleri kendi kendine \u00f6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in \u00e7abalamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar bu y\u00fczden ilk \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n akademik olarak daha ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zlemlenmi\u015ftir. Aileye ikinci bir \u00e7ocu\u011fun gelmesi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7ocuk i\u00e7in travmaya sebep olabilir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00e7ocuk sorumluluk almaya ba\u015flar, anne baban\u0131n ilgisi ve sevgisini karde\u015fiyle payla\u015fmak zorunda kal\u0131r ve art\u0131k b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn bilincine var\u0131r. Toplumda da en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7ocuklara \u2019Sen daha b\u00fcy\u00fcks\u00fcn, sen art\u0131k b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fcn, abi-abla oldun\u2019 gibi s\u00f6ylemlerle bir rol y\u00fcklenir. Bu y\u00fczden en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n daha erken olgunla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 ve ebeveyn yeteneklerinin daha geli\u015fmi\u015f oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zlemlenmi\u015ftir. Ki\u015filik \u00f6zellikleri; sorumluluk sahibi, lider ve tutucudur.<\/p>\n
Adler ikinci ve ortanca \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n daha rekabet\u00e7i ve diplomatik oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir. \u0130kinci \u00e7ocuklar genellikle abi ya da ablalar\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in bir yar\u0131\u015fta hissederler bu y\u00fczden daha h\u0131rsl\u0131d\u0131rlar. Bazen ya\u015flar\u0131na uygun olmayan hedefler belirledikleri i\u00e7in ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k ya\u015farlar ama ayn\u0131 zamanda da bu m\u00fccadele onlar\u0131n geli\u015fme h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fckseltir ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcklerle ba\u015f etmeyi \u00f6\u011frenirler. \u0130kinci \u00e7ocuklar hem ebeveynleri hem de kendinden b\u00fcy\u00fck olan karde\u015fleri taraf\u0131ndan korunup kullan\u0131rlar bu y\u00fczden daha g\u00fcvenli hissederler.<\/p>\n
Adler\u2019e g\u00f6re en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7ocuk ailenin herkes taraf\u0131ndan en ilgi g\u00f6sterileni ve en \u015f\u0131mart\u0131lan\u0131d\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcrekli ilgi g\u00f6rme durumu onlar\u0131n daha benmerkezci olmalar\u0131na neden olabilir. Ebeveynler genellikle en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7ocu\u011fa daha toleransl\u0131 olma e\u011filimindedirler. Daha az sorumluluk sahibi, daha talepkar ve daha fazla ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 bireyler olma ihtimalleri y\u00fcksektir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda ailenin ne\u015fe kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak da g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrler. Sosyal ya\u015fant\u0131lar\u0131nda daha aktif ve giri\u015fken olduklar\u0131 da g\u00f6zlemlenmektedir. B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7ocuklar \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek ba\u015far\u0131lara sahipse ve en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck karde\u015f bu ba\u015far\u0131lara ula\u015fmas\u0131 zor ya da imkans\u0131zsa k\u0131skan\u00e7l\u0131k ve ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k hissi olu\u015fur. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7ocuk ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131na bahaneler bularak kendini savunmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilir.<\/p>\n
Tek \u00e7ocuklar genellikle en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7ocuklarla benzer karakter \u00f6zelliklere sahiptir. Benmerkezci, \u015f\u0131mar\u0131k, daha \u00e7ok ilgi g\u00f6rmek isteyen, ailelerinin ilgi ve sevgilerini payla\u015fmak zorunda olmad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in sosyal hayatlar\u0131nda, okula ba\u015flarken akranlar\u0131yla ileti\u015fim kurarken baz\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar ya\u015fayabilirler. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ilgi ve dikkatin kendilerinde olmas\u0131na al\u0131\u015f\u0131kt\u0131rlar. Her yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n be\u011fenilmesini ve onaylanmas\u0131n\u0131 beklerler. Karde\u015fleri olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in kendi kendilerine e\u011flenceli oyun bulduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in hayal g\u00fc\u00e7leri daha geli\u015fmi\u015ftir. Tek oynamaya al\u0131\u015f\u0131k olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in payla\u015f\u0131mc\u0131 olmakta zorlanabilirler.\u201d<\/p>\n
Uzman Klinik Psikolog Fundem Ece Kayka\u00e7, do\u011fu\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015filik \u00fczerindeki etkileri konusunda ise \u015funlar\u0131 kaydetti:<\/p>\n
\u201cAnne baban\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki ilgi ve sevgi dengesini kurabilmesi karde\u015fleri aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi olumlu etkiler ve karde\u015f k\u0131skan\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 azalt\u0131r e\u011fer bu dengeyi kuramazlarsa \u00e7ocuklar i\u00e7in daha rekabet\u00e7i ve h\u0131rsl\u0131 bir ortam olu\u015fur dolay\u0131s\u0131yla karde\u015f k\u0131skan\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ocuklar aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki sa\u011fl\u0131ks\u0131z ilerler. Ebeveynlerin yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ve destekleri \u00f6zg\u00fcvenlerini do\u011frudan etkiler. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131n t\u00fcm bu ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 deneyimler ileri ki ya\u015famlar\u0131nda da etkilerini g\u00f6sterir. Aileler \u00e7ocuklar aras\u0131ndaki ileti\u015fimin ya da onlara kar\u015f\u0131 olan tutum ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorlarsa bir uzmandan destek almay\u0131 ihmal etmemeliler.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
UZMAN KL\u0130N\u0130K PS\u0130KOLOG FUNDEM ECE KAYKA\u00c7, DO\u011eUM SIRASININ \u00c7OCUKLARIN PS\u0130KOLOJ\u0130LER\u0130 VE K\u0130\u015e\u0130L\u0130KLER\u0130 \u00dcZER\u0130NDEK\u0130 ETK\u0130LER\u0130 KONUSUNDA \u00d6NEML\u0130 A\u00c7IKLAMALARDA BULUNDU.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":229191,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[1068,10288,57722,3890,4217],"class_list":["post-229190","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel","tag-dogum","tag-etkiler","tag-kisiligi","tag-nasil","tag-sirasi"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.tvturk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/dogum-sirasi-kisiligi-nasil-etkiler_e84de87.jpg?fit=615%2C615","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paKIfm-XCC","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/229190","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=229190"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/229190\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/229191"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=229190"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=229190"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=229190"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}