\u00c7ocuk Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Hastal\u0131klar\u0131 Uzman\u0131 Dr. Ahmet Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, “Kre\u015f, okul ve 2 ya\u015fa kadar olan s\u00fct \u00e7ocuklu\u011fu d\u00f6nemlerinde \u00fcst solunum yolu enfeksiyonlar\u0131 (\u00dcSYE) ile olduk\u00e7a s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Okul-kre\u015fe gitme, okul-kre\u015fe giden karde\u015f varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, kalabal\u0131k ortamlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ebeveynlerin olmas\u0131 gibi fakt\u00f6rler, hastal\u0131klar\u0131n bula\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in risk olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r” dedi.<\/p>\n
\u00c7ocukluk \u00e7a\u011f\u0131 hastal\u0131klar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00fcst solunum yolu enfeksiyonlar\u0131 (\u00dcSYE) s\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Memorial Antalya Hastanesi \u00c7ocuk Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Hastal\u0131klar\u0131 B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden Uz. Dr. Ahmet Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, \u00e7ocuklarda g\u00f6r\u00fclen \u00fcst solunum yolu hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ve tedavisi hakk\u0131nda bilgi verdi. K\u0131\u015f aylar\u0131nda belirgin bir art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6steren ve viral ya da bakteriyel k\u00f6kenli olabilen bu hastal\u0131klar\u0131n tedavisinde, nedenin \u00e7ok iyi belirlenmesi gerekti\u011fini ifade eden Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, “\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc gereksiz antibiyotik kullan\u0131m\u0131 floray\u0131 bask\u0131layarak; antibiyotik kaynakl\u0131 ishale, ileride daha diren\u00e7li enfeksiyonlara, alerjik ve otoimm\u00fcn-romatolojik hastal\u0131klara yol a\u00e7abiliyor. \u00c7ocuklar y\u0131lda genellikle 3-8, eri\u015fkinler ise 2-5 kez so\u011fuk alg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ge\u00e7irebilir. \u00dcst solunum yolu enfeksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n viral veya bakteriyel kaynakl\u0131 olup olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok iyi yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Kre\u015f, okul ve 2 ya\u015fa kadar olan s\u00fct \u00e7ocuklu\u011fu d\u00f6nemlerinde \u00fcst solunum yolu enfeksiyonlar\u0131 (\u00dcSYE) ile olduk\u00e7a s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Okul-kre\u015fe gitme, okul-kre\u015fe giden karde\u015f varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, kalabal\u0131k ortamlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ebeveynlerin olmas\u0131 gibi fakt\u00f6rler, hastal\u0131klar\u0131n bula\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in risk olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Hastal\u0131klar havada as\u0131l\u0131 kalan damlac\u0131klar, kirli ellerle direkt temas ya da temiz olmayan y\u00fczeylere el temas\u0131 ile bula\u015fmaktad\u0131r. So\u011fuk alg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131, viral veya bakteriyel rinofarenjit, tonsilit, akut otitis media, akut rinosin\u00fczit ve krup olmak \u00fczere alt ba\u015fl\u0131klar alt\u0131nda incelenir” \u015feklinde konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
\u00dcSYE\u2019de risk fakt\u00f6rleri ve risk gruplar\u0131<\/p>\n
\u00dcst solunum yolu enfeksiyonlar\u0131nda risk gruplar\u0131n\u0131 aktaran Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, kre\u015f ve okul \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6zellikle kre\u015fin ilk y\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemine dikkat \u00e7ekerek, “\u0130yi havaland\u0131r\u0131lmayan ortamlar, g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n az olu\u015fu ve toplu ya\u015fan\u0131lan alanlar; akci\u011fer, kalp, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemi, metabolik ve genetik hastal\u0131klar ile obezite, 5 ya\u015f\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki \u00f6zellikle 2 ya\u015f \u00f6ncesi \u00e7ocuklar, 19 ya\u015f\u0131ndan gen\u00e7 olup uzun s\u00fcreli aspirin kullanan ki\u015filer, gebeler ve 65 ya\u015f\u0131n \u00fczerindeki ki\u015filer” olarak s\u0131ralad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Hangi hastal\u0131\u011fa hangi tedavi?<\/p>\n
“Viral veya bakteriyel rinofarenjit; so\u011fuk alg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131-nezle olarak bilinir ve hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n etkeni y\u00fczde 95 oran\u0131nda viraldir” diyen Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, “Tedavisinde antibiyoti\u011fin yeri b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda yoktur. Hastada \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck, ses k\u0131s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve burun ak\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131, g\u00f6z iltihab\u0131, k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131k, halsizlik, i\u015ftahs\u0131zl\u0131k, hafif ate\u015f, a\u011f\u0131z i\u00e7i aftlar, ishal g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Tonsillit ise bademcik enfeksiyonu olarak bilinir. Nedeni genellikle 2 ya\u015f alt\u0131 viral, 2 ya\u015f \u00fcst\u00fc bakteriyeldir. 2 ya\u015f alt\u0131nda tedavide antibiyotik kullan\u0131m\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fu vakada gereksizdir. Orta kulak enfeksiyonlar\u0131nda bakteriyel etkenler daha fazlad\u0131r. %80 oran\u0131nda bakterilerden kaynaklanan sin\u00fczit, burun etraf\u0131 kemik i\u00e7i hava bo\u015fluklar\u0131n\u0131n enfeksiyonudur. Ses tellerinin iltihab\u0131 olan akut larenjit ise y\u00fczde 95-100 oran\u0131nda viraldir. Havlar tarzda \u00f6ks\u00fcrme, ate\u015f ve i\u015ftahs\u0131zl\u0131k ile kendini g\u00f6sterir. Otit, sin\u00fczit ve 2 ya\u015f \u00fcst\u00fc tonsilit d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda antibiyotik tedavisi genellikle gereksizdir. T\u00fcm hastal\u0131klar\u0131n tedavisi ve olas\u0131 komplikasyonlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ocuk hastal\u0131klar\u0131 uzman muayenesi \u00f6nemlidir” diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
\u00dcSYE\u2019de do\u011fru bilinen yanl\u0131\u015flar<\/p>\n
Hava ak\u0131m\u0131na maruz kalman\u0131n \u00dcSYE\u2019ye neden olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dile getiren Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, “\u00dcSYE mikrobik bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. D\u0131\u015f ortam \u0131s\u0131s\u0131ndan daha \u00e7ok havas\u0131z ortamda bulunmak bu hastal\u0131\u011fa yol a\u00e7ar. Ye\u015fil veya koyu renkli burun ak\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 antibiyotik gerektirmez. Burun ak\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 hangi renkte olursa olsun genellikle viral enfeksiyonlarda daha s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Antibiyotik gereklili\u011fi \u00e7ok azd\u0131r. Kal\u0131n giyinmek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n engellenmesinde \u00f6nemli bir yere sahip de\u011fildir. V\u00fccut direncini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmeyecek \u015fekilde, ya\u015fan\u0131lan b\u00f6lgenin iklimine uygun giyinmek yeterlidir. Kal\u0131n ve kat kat giyinmenin faydas\u0131 yoktur. \u00dcSYE\u2019nin antibiyotikle tedavi edilmemesinin zat\u00fcrreye yol a\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131 kan\u0131s\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hasta olan ki\u015filerle yak\u0131n temas halinde olmamak, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n bula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemez. M\u00fcmk\u00fcn olduk\u00e7a havaland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ortam sa\u011flamak \u00f6nemlidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc hastal\u0131k hava yolu ile bula\u015f\u0131r. So\u011fuk alg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u2018akci\u011ferler \u00fc\u015f\u00fct\u00fclmez\u2019. So\u011fuk alg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131, akci\u011ferlerin bir hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fildir” ifadelerinde bulundu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u00c7OCUK SA\u011eLI\u011eI VE HASTALIKLARI B\u00d6L\u00dcM\u00dc\u2019NDEN UZ. DR. AHMET YILDIRIM, “KRE\u015e, OKUL VE 2 YA\u015eA KADAR OLAN S\u00dcT \u00c7OCUKLU\u011eU D\u00d6NEMLER\u0130NDE \u00dcST SOLUNUM YOLU ENFEKS\u0130YONLARI (\u00dcSYE) \u0130LE OLDUK\u00c7A SIK KAR\u015eILA\u015eILMAKTADIR. OKUL-KRE\u015eE G\u0130TME, OKUL-KRE\u015eE G\u0130DEN KARDE\u015e VARLI\u011eI, KALABALIK ORTAMLARDA \u00c7ALI\u015eAN EBEVEYNLER\u0130N OLMASI G\u0130B\u0130 FAKT\u00d6RLER, HASTALIKLARIN BULA\u015eMASI \u0130\u00c7\u0130N R\u0130SK OLU\u015eTURMAKTADIR” DED\u0130.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":252164,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[7305,43474,26008,16790,2320,1262],"class_list":["post-252163","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel","tag-cocuklarda","tag-enfeksiyonu","tag-riskleri","tag-solunum","tag-ust","tag-yolu"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.tvturk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/cocuklarda-ust-solunum-yolu-enfeksiyonu-riskleri_58154df.jpg?fit=1000%2C666","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paKIfm-13B9","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/252163","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=252163"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/252163\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/252164"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=252163"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=252163"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tvturk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=252163"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}